• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits and collection procedure. Machine comprising: a chassis (1); a power unit (2); a control and piloting post (3); a translation system, an orbital hydraulic steering system; a leveling system; a system of scales adapted to the trunks of trees (4); a fruit management and cleaning system (6), a shaking or felling system (5); where the shaking or knocking system (5) is parameterizable (frequency, control of free rotation and control of oscillating amplitude) and is formed by a series of vibration modules (17) out of phase with each other, formed each module by two drums or eccentric (12) joined by means of a lever (13) to a connecting rod and mounted on a common axis of rotation, where in addition the system of shaking or knockdown (5) has a system of adaptation to the cup (7). A machine is obtained that allows a continuous work between trees, surrounding the whole of the cup in circular trajectories, and allows the adaptation to the cup. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2575661A1
    申请号:ES201431949
    申请日:2014-12-29
    公开日:2016-06-30
    发明作者:Rafael Rubén SOLA GUIRADO；Jesús Antonio Gil Ribes；Gregorio L. BLANCO ROLDÁN；Sergio CASTRO GARCÍA；Francisco JIMÉNEZ JIMÉNEZ；Francisco CASTILLO RUIZ
    申请人:Interprofesional Del Aceite Oliva Espana；Universidad de Cordoba；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    MACHINE FOR COLLECTION AND INTEGRAL MANAGEMENT OF ARBOR FRUITS ANDCOLLECTION PROCEDURE5OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    It is an object of the present invention, as its title establishes, a machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits. Also, the object of the invention is the
    10 collection procedure with the machine object of the invention.
    The machine object of the invention is characterized by allowing the demolition of fruit by shaking the trees where it is applied, intercepting said fruit on an interception platform to manage it. In this way it allows a comprehensive collection,
    15 allowing continuous work cycles without stops between trees, and with the possibility of working paths both circularly around them and linearly in the streets of the crop.
    Said object of the invention achieves shaking in the tree canopy where it is applied,
    20 by means of a characteristic reciprocating movement of a plurality of rods, which penetrate the treetops and engage with it as the assembly progresses in its work path. The shaking movement is achieved by a mechanism formed with a crankshaft with several outdated cranks, which driven by a hydraulic motor, move several connecting rods. The heads of said cranks push a set
    25 of levers at one end and by means of an intermediate pivot axis produce the reciprocating movement at the other end of said lever where the plurality of rods are housed. The reciprocating movement originated at the end of the lever is communicated to the radial rods where they are housed, hitting and / or directly shaking the fruitful branches, causing the detachment of the fruits.
    Preferably, the rods of the system of the invention are oriented radially in relation to the longitudinal axis of the drum that coincides with the end of the lever where they are housed, and are capable of rotating freely with respect to this point so that they can be comfortably engaged. in the spaces between the branches
    35 of the trees and do not produce breaks in the advance of the set.


    More preferably, the plurality of rods are housed in a drum and distributed in two groups for each independent shaking system or module. Each drum of rods being at the end of each of the two levers placed in parallel but with their opposite ends and with an intermediate common pivot axis in each independent shaking module. Said distribution of rod drums arranged in parallel planes achieves a crossover effect in their alternative movements, so that at a suitable beating frequency, their ability to knock down the fruit increases so that it has a very vertical descent path, allowing its interception .
    For adaptation to optimal shaking of the tops of different tree species, the rods of the system of the invention may be formed of rigid materials, such as metallic materials, or semi-rigid materials, such as plastic materials. In addition, there is the possibility of a configuration in the parameterization of the parameters of shaking frequency and amplitude of the striking movement.
    The present invention is framed in the agriculture sector and, more specifically, in the technical field of agricultural mechanization, its main application being the shake collection of the fruit cup in general, and in particular the collection of fruits in trees large size such as the traditional olive grove, being also extensible to other varieties of trees.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Currently, the most commonly used devices for harvesting fruits in tree crops are log vibrators. These devices are based on a vibrating clamp system with an eccentric mass, which is installed in various agricultural machinery and, by means of vibration transmitted when it is attached to the trunks of the trees, bring them down to the ground or to collection tarps. Although the use of trunk vibrators is widespread, in traditional tree plantations such as a large part of the olive grove in Spain, the high number of trunks per tree, their different morphology, position, type of formation, plantation age , large cup volume and harvest time make it difficult to collect using these devices. On the other hand, there are difficulties due to the large number of logs, as well as their diameter if they exceed the possibilities of opening the vibrating clamps of the devices. To all this are added additional problems such as damage caused to the trees themselves by forcing the subjection of the roots, or in other cases, damage of the bark of the trees both by the 3 5


    clamping means used by the clamps as well as the transmitted vibrations.
    The use of single-person collection equipment such as vibrators and / or branch shakers, facilitates or complements the collection work in cases where conventional vibrators are not efficient. Even so, the typical collection times through these systems are very high and expensive, since they need a large workforce to carry out all the tasks required by the tree collection process.
    The harvest of tree crops destined for industry has aroused considerable interest since the beginning of agricultural mechanization, due to the difficulty involved in the mechanization of these crops, due to multiple factors such as the difficulty of demolition of the fruit and the heterogeneity of plantations in different farms. To solve these problems, a basic principle of mechanization has been applied: the need to adapt the crop to the machine and the machine to the crop. If the olive grove is taken as a reference of traditional low-density tree plantation crops for industry, in the last decades two new typologies of plantations adapted to mechanized and integral harvesting have emerged. On the one hand, intensive olive groves on one foot and with wide spaces between trees, in which the collection is done with log vibrators that have a reception structure in the form of an inverted umbrella. And, on the other hand, the super-intensive plantations, characterized by a small spacing between trees, especially within the same row, where horse harvesters are used, which mostly come from machinery adapted from other crops such as the vineyard.
    The present invention proposes a solution to the aforementioned technical problems existing in the state of the art, by means of a novel system of shaking of the tree canopy, which allows a continuous continuous collection of fruit in various tree crops, being applicable both to traditional olive grove, intensive as super intensive. With respect to the traditional olive grove, it has the advantage of being a mechanized collection independent of the logs, its different configurations regarding number, shape and position being its main drawback in the mechanized collection by means of log vibrators. In addition, by means of traditional methods, it allows to intercept the fruit demolished in the same phase eliminating the times of movement of canvases and other means between the collection of different trees.
    Systems with the same collection principle of 4 are known in the state of the art


    tree fruits based on cup shakers, such as the one described in patent PT 106055, which describes a continuous collection equipment, which presents as an inconvenience or aspect that can be improved, the fact that it is designed for a collection of fruits in plantations arranged in a row, and with the need of two machines for
    5 collect the entire tree in one pass and a demolition system that needs screens toprevent the fruit from being projected.
    In US 4077193 a lateral acting shaker with eccentric shaft is described.
    10 US5956933A discloses a citrus harvesting machine that has two groups of shaking, one arranged in front of the other, leaving a space between them between which passes the tree canopy to collect.
    15 US 6178730 discloses a fruit harvester that includes a single agitator head that has multiple segments, operable independently of the agitator head and that can freely rotate around an axis of the head and movable on one side to another and with linear displacement Each segment of the head includes an axis and multiple fingers that extend radially from the axis for penetration into the branches
    20 fruit carriers.
    In US7082744 a stabilizer system is disclosed that offers leveling for a vehicle carrying a towed combine.
    In US5711139 a self leveling system for a multi-purpose vehicle used primarily for off-road operations such as road cutting is disclosed. Therefore, it is the object of the present invention to develop a machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits based on the shaking of its crown that allows to travel the entire glass both in depth and in its perimeter in its
    30 work trajectory.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The object of the present invention is a machine for the collection and integral management of 35 tree fruits, especially large trees comprising: -A chassis where the rest of the system elements such as modules are mounted:


    of shaking, storage system and pre-cleaning of fruit, trunk adaptation systems based on folding scales, command post, power unit and leveling system, steering and taxiing.
    5 -A power unit in charge of controlling all movements andmachine drives, preferably based on hydraulic means andthey are composed of a hydraulic power plant driven by a combustion engine,fuel and oil storage tank and drive pumps thatcommand the various elements of the machine as the engines for the
    10 translation of the equipment, management of the fruit and operation of the shaking system and auxiliary elements such as hydraulic cylinders for the approach of the shaking system to the cup, elevation of scales, direction and leveling of the machine.
    - A translation system based on the use of four engines located in the 15 wheel hubs that are moved by two different pumps located in line and connected in parallel in order to achieve total traction.
    - An orbital hydraulic steering system that commands hydraulic cylinders specifically regulated to make turns without sliding :. The configuration options 20 of the address are:
    o The front and rear wheels rotate in solidarity and in the opposite direction between axles, achieving a reduced turning radius, specially designed to describe a circular path around the tree.
    o Only the front wheels rotate keeping the rear wheels in line, which makes it easier to operate the machine between points away from each other.
    o The front and rear wheels rotate in solidarity and in the same direction between axles getting almost perfect lateral displacements, in cases where it may be necessary for slopes.
    30 -A leveling system that allows the systems that are housed on the chassis such as the shaking modules and the receiving tape system could remain in their original position in a horizontal position to achieve greater stability on sloping terrain by means of placed pivots between the chassis and the support axes on which lateral tilting is allowed depending on
    35 the demand for the land, if necessary, is governed by hydraulic cylinders and electrically controlled by means of the output signals of 6


    sensors arranged for this purpose.
    - A system for adapting to tree trunks through the use of folding scales, which fold over their pivot axis when there is contact with them by the direct pressure of the trunks and recover their original position by freeing said Pressure. In this way, a greater approximation of the machine to the tree is allowed allowing a great margin of maneuver when a constant trajectory is maintained and there are irregularities in the trunks. In turn, the entire group of scales is lowered by a horizontal axis towards the platform to
    10 pour the fruit on it and dislodge the fruit contained during the harvest of each tree.
    - System of management and pre-cleaning of the fruit based on the use of a sorting belt with two vertical levels corresponding to the superior to the 15 pre-piece and the inferior to the storage and management of fruit. Said belt occupies the central area of the platform, and in its upper level there are a series of horizontal striated rods that allow the fruit to pass to the lower level but not that of the detached branches, which are driven by said supporting and motor rods. to the opposite side of the scales to be poured towards the outside of the machine. The lower level is formed by a modular belt conveyor belt that collects the fruit from both direct fall and from the one collected by the scales; said tape stores said fruit until it reaches its maximum capacity or until the moment you want and you are not collecting a tree, starting at this time a download movement that pours its contents
    25 instantaneously on an auxiliary blade placed under it to receive its discharge on the side to which the branches are poured being at this time the upper level of the retained belt.
    Preferably, said fruit management system will be located on cells
    30 load conveniently distributed in said system to combine the data obtained from said cells and their reference with an integrated GPS system, obtaining production maps and collection paths and working times.
    - Demolition system defined as the mechanical system based on a plurality of 35 radial rods configured for direct application to the tree canopy, achieving a gear thereof with the fruitful branches and causing the


    detachment of the fruits of these trees by beating or shaking in their movement.
    In different embodiments of the invention, the rods may be formed by
    5 rigid materials, for example metallic materials, or semi-rigid materials,for example plastic materials, depending on the type of trees to which it appliesthe system.
    The rods of the system of the invention are installed in a drum with free rotation on its axis, where said rods are preferably oriented radially in relation to the longitudinal axis of the drum.
    Each drum performs a quasi-linear forced reciprocating movement by being located at the end of a lever that pivots at an intermediate point and is moved at its other end by a connecting rod.
    Each connecting rod is moved by a crankshaft system composed of several outdated and synchronized cranks in such a way that they cause a compensated movement. Said crankshaft is moved by a single engine.
    20 Preferably, each independent vibration module is formed by a group of 2 drums with their corresponding rods in which each drum is located at the end of each of two levers that have a common pivot and thrust center but opposite ends placed parallel, in such a way that
    25 when the connecting rod moves the common end of the common lever there is a cross effect between them.
    In turn, there is a crossing movement between the drums of different independent vibration modules as there is a swap in the position of upper and lower levers 30 between modules.
    In the invention, so many groups of drums necessary to cover the top of the tree canopy are established.
    35 Thanks to the fact that the two drums that form each independent vibration module are almost 180 ° out of phase, during the forced movement of 8


    Quasi-linear swaying produces a crossover effect between the rods of a drum with the associated one within the same module and with the adjacent drum of the adjacent module that is also out of date, which causes an effect of almost vertical fall of the fruits to a suitable frequency-amplitude regulation, which favors its
    5 interception and collection.
    Among the parameters that can be defined in the machine, are:
    o Regulation of the frequency of shaking that can be controlled so
    by modifying the engine flow that gives movement to the crankshaft of the shaking system.
    o Regulation of the degree of rotation of each of the independent drums by means of a brake that increases the resistance to the autogyro or by means of a distribution of masses towards the outside of the perimeter, to improve the shaking and the demolition of fruits when causing blows in the branches more effective and
    15 with a lower degree of damping.
    o Regulation of the amplitude of the reciprocating movement of the independent drums by modifying the length of the arm that supports each drum.
    o Regulation of the degree of penetration of the system in the cup by incorporating rods of greater length.
    o Regulation of the shaking time of the cup by controlling the speed of advance of the machine in its work path.
    - Cup adaptation system that allows the shaking system to
    Approximately 25 and perpendicularly away from the tree canopy being supported on rails in the chassis that act on said system by means of hydraulic cylinders and with the possibility of being, the latter commanded by sensors automatically depending on the situation of the canopy with respect to to the shaking system to maintain permanent contact of said binomial or to regulate the pressure
    30 exerted on the cup, or be controlled manually contracted by an operator.
    - System of adaptation to the trunks formed by a group of folding and folding scales that allows a correct working path that allows to increase the surface of fruit interception by allowing a greater approximation of the machine to the tree regardless of the position and geometry of the trunks The


    combine that should preferably describe a circular patharound the tree being east to the right of it, it must describe aturning radius as constant as possible depending on the conditions of the trunk orlogs, as appropriate, and always keeping the scales in contact with the5 same to maximize the fruit interception surface As the fruitis being knocked down, is picked up by the interception surfaces, pouring ittowards the fruit management system between trees and once a trajectorycomplete around the entire cup, using a pivot of the scale group withhorizontal axis towards the shaking system., while moving in a tangential direction
    10 towards the next tree.
    It is also the object of the invention, a process for harvesting fruits from the described machine that always maintaining a uniform machine speed without stops 15 comprises the steps: -proximation of the system to the tree tangentially to the geometry of the cup;
    - Beginning of fruit demolition by shaking the glass, in combination with reception and cleaning 20
    - Advancement of the system around the tree depending on the geometry of the tree canopy and arrangement of fruit receiving surfaces adapting them to the different configurations of the tree trunks and maintaining the system of demolition and permanent contact with the tree canopy;
    - Exit of the collected tree, preferably at the same point where it initially entered. Replacement of the approach system to its minimum position and folding of the log adaptation system towards the machine to pour its
    30 content in the fruit management system.
    - Reopening of the trunk adaptation system to its original working position, preferably horizontal.
    35 -proximation of the system to the next tree of the plantation in a tangential direction to it from the point of departure of the previous tree;


    - Intermediate stop between trees, when estimated, to pour the fruit contained in the fruit management system towards an auxiliary unloading element, such as a tractor shovel.
    5 -Repetition of the previous stages until the end of the collection of fruits.
    The machine and the harvesting procedure are applied in traditional configuration plantations with large trees and spaces between them, such as olive groves,
    10 walnuts, orange trees, and similar, that is, to all those fruit trees that need to surround the entire glass in circular paths, in addition to an adaptation to the glass, although it also has application in the rest of plantations with modern designs with row plantations and narrow frames due to their versatility.
    Throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. 20 EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, it is accompanied as an integral part of said
    Description, a set of drawings in which the following is represented as illustrative and not limiting.
    Figure 1. Shows a general isometric view of the system of the invention, in a preferred embodiment thereof, where its main components are indicated.
    30 Figure 2. It shows an elevation view of the machine, in its most unfavorable working position on a lateral slope with leveling adjustment, the slope being indifferently on either side.
    35 Figure 3. Shows in an isometric view the guiding detail of the shaking system assembly along the rail located in the chassis


    Figure 4. It shows an independent shaking module formed by the lever system with two drums next to its drive crankshaft and the connecting rod that transmits the reciprocating movement.
    5 Figure 5. Schematic plan of the reciprocating movement in the drum crankshaft and thedrive crankshaft offset.
    Figure 6. Schematic of the profile of the shaking assembly showing the synchronization of the different drums in their distribution along the shaking system.
    10 Figure 7. Shows the path to be followed by the invention in its route through a type plantation.
    PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION.
    In view of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the proposed invention is described below.
    In figure 1 we can see that the machine for collection and integral management of fruits
    20 trees includes: -A chassis (1) bearing the different elements -A power unit (2) responsible for controlling all movements and
    machine drives, -a control and pilot station (3) mounted on the chassis and from which
    25 rules the machine. -A translation system. -An orbital hydraulic steering system -A leveling system that can be seen in figure 2. -A system of adaptation to tree trunks by using some
    30 folding scales (4). A configurable shaking or demolition system (5) defined as the mechanical system based on a plurality of configured radial rods and their drive mechanisms, for direct application to the tree canopy, where the parameters to be defined are:
    o Shaking frequency 35 o Control of the degree of rotation of each of the drums
    o Control of the swinging amplitude by modifying the length of 12


    arm that supports each independent drum.
    o The degree of penetration of the system into the cup
    o The time of shaking of the glass -System of management of the fruit and cleaning (6) based on the use of a tape
    5 sorter with precleaner system of the damages caused to the tree.-System of adaptation to the cup (7), shown in Figure 3.
    The leveling system, in a possible embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, consists of the use of hydraulic stabilization cylinders (9) arranged
    10 on each axis (8) of the machine, so that they allow the pivot of the machine in a tilted manner both on a lateral slope in any direction.
    The fruit management system (6), in a possible embodiment, drags the branches and detached damages towards the outside of the machine with a cleaning system formed by
    15 ribbed rods with horizontal axis, allowing the fruit to be passed through the housings between them, which is stored in turn on a conveyor belt arranged under it and that temporarily stores the fruit to be poured at the moment is deemed appropriate to a auxiliary device
    20 The cup adaptation system, as shown in Figure 3, in a possible embodiment, consists of the use of at least two travel rails (10) through which the shaking system runs through wheels (11) with tapered ends adaptable to the rail (10).
    The shaking or demolition system (5) is formed by a series of independent vibration modules (17), as shown in Figure 6, and one offset with respect to the adjoining one.
    As seen in figure 4, each vibration module (17) is formed by two
    30 drums (12) as shown in figure 4. arranged opposite each other in their extreme position of the lever arms (13) where they are located. In each vibration module (17), said levers pivot from an intermediate fixed point (14) and are attached at the other end common to a connecting rod (15). Depending on the position of the point where the drum is located inside the lever arm, the amplitude will be modified
    35 of the movement, as shown in Figure 5.


    The position of each drum along each lever arm or their length
    (13) in each vibration module may be different, so each module may have a different range of motion.
    The union of each of the drums (17) with the lever (13) the union of the group of levers with the head of the connecting rod; and the union of the pivot point of the levers (14) with the structure of the shaking system (5), is carried out by means of bearings housed in each of these components.
    From each of the drums (12) a series of radial rods emerge perimeter
    (18)  configured for direct application on tree branches. The radial rods (18) can be made of rigid or semi-rigid materials and their length and diameter may differ depending on the application requirements of the tree.
    Figure 6 shows a front view of the preferred configuration of the shaking system (5) in which the vibration modules (17) can be seen, formed by two drums (12) offset from each other, connected to a connecting rod ( 15) by means of levers (13). All connecting rods (15) of the reciprocating movement to the vibration modules (17) are connected by the opposite end of the union with the vibration modules
    (17) with a crankshaft (16), with a configuration, preferably, of six cranks offset by 120 ° with a dynamic balancing configuration that move at a constant angular velocity.
    The vibration modules (17) are offset one relative to the next one, so that in the forced reciprocating movement, with quasi-linear displacement, it produces a crossing effect between the radial rods (18) within each module and in turn between each One of the modules.
    The number of vibration modules (17) and therefore of drums will be such that they reach a height corresponding to the height of the tree canopy.
    Figure 7 shows the path that the machine can follow, preferably, as described, and which, as can be seen, runs through the entire tree canopy perimetrically around it, before moving on to the next, which ensures faster collection with hardly any labor at the foot of the field. The complete rodeo of each tree's canopy is achieved thanks to the system of 14


    addressing and the approach means of the shake system to the cup.
    Therefore, thanks to the described characteristics, a machine is obtained for the collection and integral management of tree fruits characterized in that it allows a job in
    5 continuous between trees, surrounding the entire cup in circular paths, where in addition to the shaking and demolition system allows adaptation to the canopy, being a parameterizable system in shaking frequency, free rotation control, and amplitude control reciprocating, by modifying the length of the arm that supports each drum.
    10 Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is stated that, within its essentiality, it may be implemented in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection sought, provided that
    15 alter, change or modify its fundamental principle.

    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1.-Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits includes: -A chassis (1) bearing the different elements 5 -A power unit (2) responsible for controlling all movements and drives of the machine, -A post of control and piloting (3) mounted on the chassis and from which the machine is governed. -Translation system
    10 - An orbital hydraulic steering system - Leveling system. -System of adaptation to the trunks of the trees -System of management of the fruit and cleaning (6) -System of shaking or demolition (5)
    15 Characterized in that the shaking or demolition system (5) is configurable and consists of a series of vibration modules (17) offset from each other, in addition, the shaking or demolition system (5) has a cup adaptation system . (7)
    20 2. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 1, characterized in that the parameters of the shaking or demolition system (5) are:
    o Regulation of the shaking frequency
    o Regulation of the degree of rotation of each of the drums
    independent by means of a brake 25 or Regulation of the amplitude of the reciprocating movement of the drums
    o Regulation of the degree of penetration of the system into the cup by incorporating rods of greater length.
    o Regulation of the shaking time of the cup by controlling the speed of advance of the machine in its work path.
    3. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 1, characterized in that each vibration module (17) is formed by two drums (12) located at opposite ends of levers (13) offset with a common pivot center (14) and attached to a connecting rod (15) at the other common end of said levers,
    35 from which from each of the drums (12) a series of radial rods (18) are configured perimetrically configured for direct application on the branches of the trees 16

    [4]
    4. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 3, characterized in that depending on the length of the lever (13) or the position of the point where the drum is housed in its length, it can be modified individually the amplitude of the movement of each module maintaining the same frequency between modules.
    [5]
    5. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 1, characterized in that the leveling system consists of the use of hydraulic stabilization cylinders (9) arranged on each axis (8) of the machine, so which allow the pivot of the machine on side slopes to either side.
    [6]
    6. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 1, characterized in that the cup adaptation system (7) consists of the use of at least two travel rails (10) through which the system runs of shaking by means of wheels (11) with conical ends adaptable to the rail (10) for a perpendicular approach of the shaking system towards the cup.
    [7]
    7. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 3, characterized in that all connecting rods (15) transmitting the reciprocating movement to the vibration modules (17) are joined at their opposite end to the union with the Vibration modules (17) to a common crankshaft (16) with a crank configuration that exerts a dynamically balanced movement.
    [8]
    8. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 3, characterized in that the crankshaft has 120 ° offset groups and constant angular velocity.
    [9]
    9. - Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 1, characterized in that the translation system comprises two axles, with two wheels for each one and with a motor per wheel located in the hubs of the same and are driven by means of two different pumps arranged in parallel with a hydraulic power plant.
    [10]
    10. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 1, characterized in that the orbital hydraulic steering system comprises two axes, with two wheels for each axis that allow turning in the opposite direction to achieve a reduced turning radius of the set, or in the same direction for work on side slope with 17

    slippery terrain.
    [11]
    11. - Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 10, characterized in that the orbital hydraulic steering system commands hydraulic cylinders 5 specifically regulated to make turns without sliding, where the options of address configuration are:
    - The front and rear wheels rotate in solidarity and in the opposite direction between axles, achieving a reduced turning radius, specially designed to describe a circular path around the tree.
    10 -Only turn the front wheels keeping the rear wheels in line, which facilitates the handling of the machine between points away from each other. -The front and rear wheels rotate jointly and in the same direction between axles
    12. 12. Machine for collection and integral management of tree fruits, according to claim 1, characterized in that the system of adaptation to tree trunks comprises folding scales (4).
    [13]
    13.- Procedure for harvesting fruits with the machine according to any of the
    20 previous claims characterized in that it comprises the steps of: -proximation of the system to the tree tangentially to the geometry of the crown; -start of the demolition of the fruit by means of shaking the cup, in combination with
    the reception, cleaning and of the same; -avance of the system around the tree depending on the geometry of the cup itself and arrangement of fruit receiving surfaces adapting them to the different
    tree trunk configurations; -following a path with the system around the tree canopy -Output of the collected tree, preferably at the same point where it entered
    initially. Replacement of the approach system towards its minimum position and 30 reduction of the log adaptation system towards the machine to pour its contents into the fruit management system. -Reopening the trunk adaptation system to its original working position, preferably horizontal. -Approximation of the system to the next tree of the plantation in a tangential direction to 35 the same from the point of departure of the previous tree ;; -repetition of the previous stages until the end of the collection of fruits. 18

    - Intermediate discharge of stored fruit to auxiliary device when it is considered appropriate.




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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2575661B1|2017-04-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US6070402A|1998-02-12|2000-06-06|Korvan Industries, Inc.|Harvesting systems and methods|
    US6484487B1|1999-12-03|2002-11-26|Korvan Industries, Inc.|Plant engaging systems and methods for harvesting machines|
    US6378282B1|2000-04-03|2002-04-30|James P. Carlton|Fruit harvesting apparatus|
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    US20060021319A1|2004-07-13|2006-02-02|Oxbo International Corporation|Tree follower|WO2017216337A1|2016-06-16|2017-12-21|Jean-Pierre Villanou|Device for thinning and harvesting a fruit tree|
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